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JAK Inhibition as a New Treatment Strategy for Patients with COVID-19

Farhad Seif1,2, Hossein Aazami3, Majid Khoshmirsafa4

  • 1Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran, seif.f@tak.iums.ac.ir.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|May 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Understanding COVID-19 immunopathogenesis is crucial. Targeting the JAK-STAT pathway with JAK inhibitors (JAKinibs) shows promise for treating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, potentially alongside other therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic necessitates understanding COVID-19 immunopathogenesis.
  • Key roles of angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) and Ang II receptor-1 (AT1-R) in COVID-19 pathogenesis are being elucidated.
  • Aberrant immune responses and viral infectivity require targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest insights into ACE2 and AT1-R roles in COVID-19.
  • To explore novel therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways and the JAK-STAT pathway.
  • To suggest potential combination therapies for hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on COVID-19 immunopathogenesis.
  • Analysis of the involvement of ACE2, AT1-R, and the JAK-STAT pathway.
  • Evaluation of potential therapeutic agents including ACE2, ACE inhibitors, AT1-R blockers, Ang 1-7 peptides, and JAK inhibitors (JAKinibs).

Main Results:

  • ACE2 and AT1-R play significant roles in COVID-19.
  • Recombinant ACE2, ACE inhibitors, AT1-R blockers, and Ang 1-7 peptides may mitigate organ damage.
  • Targeting the JAK-STAT pathway with JAKinibs is a promising strategy for hospitalized patients.

Conclusions:

  • Novel therapeutic strategies targeting ACE2, AT1-R, and the JAK-STAT pathway are crucial for managing COVID-19.
  • Further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of these therapeutics.
  • Combination therapies, such as baricitinib with methotrexate (MTX), show potential for improved clinical outcomes.
Keywords:
Angiotensin receptor blockerAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorBricitinibCytokineJAK inhibitorsJAK-STAT pathwayMethotrexate

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