Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

RhoC GTPase Activation Assay
09:58

RhoC GTPase Activation Assay

Published on: August 22, 2010

12.9K

Dysregulation of Rho GTPases in Human Cancers

Haiyoung Jung1, Suk Ran Yoon1, Jeewon Lim1,2

  • 1Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.

Cancers
|May 13, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Rho GTPases are key regulators of cell functions. Their dysregulation drives cancer progression, and understanding their control mechanisms offers new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Oncology

Background:

  • Rho GTPases are crucial regulators of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell motility, polarity, and cell cycle.
  • Their aberrant signaling is implicated in various human cancers, contributing to tumor development, metastasis, and chemoresistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of Rho GTPases in cancer progression.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms controlling Rho GTPase activity, including post-translational modifications.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting Rho GTPase pathways in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on Rho GTPases in cancer.
  • Analysis of regulatory mechanisms including guanine nucleotide exchange factors, GTPase-activating proteins, and GTPase-activating proteins.
  • Examination of post-translational modifications like phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation.

Main Results:

  • Rho GTPase signaling is essential for normal cellular functions but its dysregulation promotes cancer.
  • Activity of Rho GTPases is tightly controlled by specific regulatory proteins and post-translational modifications.
  • Targeting Rho GTPase pathways presents a promising avenue for novel cancer therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Rho GTPases are critical players in cancer progression, influencing key malignant phenotypes.
  • Understanding the intricate regulatory network of Rho GTPases is vital for developing effective cancer treatments.
  • Targeting Rho GTPase signaling pathways holds significant potential for improving cancer therapy outcomes.
Keywords:
Rho GTPasescancerchemoresistancemetastasismigration

More Related Videos

Detection of Small GTPase Prenylation and GTP Binding Using Membrane Fractionation and GTPase-linked Immunosorbent Assay13:51

Detection of Small GTPase Prenylation and GTP Binding Using Membrane Fractionation and GTPase-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: November 11, 2018

10.2K
Affinity Precipitation of Active Rho-GEFs Using a GST-tagged Mutant Rho Protein GST-RhoAG17A from Epithelial Cell Lysates11:28

Affinity Precipitation of Active Rho-GEFs Using a GST-tagged Mutant Rho Protein GST-RhoAG17A from Epithelial Cell Lysates

Published on: March 31, 2012

16.9K

Related Concept Videos

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho01:24

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho

Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
5.1K
The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
6.9K
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
3.4K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.5K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
9.6K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

2.7K