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Superparamagnetic Nanostructures for Split-Type and Competitive-Mode Photoelectrochemical Aptasensing.

Jing Li¹, Lingqiu Xu¹, Yujuan Shen¹

¹School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China.

Analytical Chemistry

|May 13, 2020

Summary

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A novel split-type photoelectrochemical aptasensor was developed for sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). This innovative sensor overcomes traditional limitations, offering improved selectivity, stability, and reproducibility for CEA detection in serum.

Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Biosensing
Nanotechnology

Background:

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing offers economic devices and low background noise.
Traditional PEC sensor assembly on ITO electrodes faces challenges like time consumption, limited selectivity, poor stability, and nonreproducibility.
Developing advanced PEC sensors is crucial for sensitive and reliable disease biomarker detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a unique split-type PEC aptasensor for the sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
To overcome the limitations of traditional PEC sensor assembly, including time consumption, selectivity, stability, and reproducibility.
To provide an alternative to CEA immunosensors and advance high-performance PEC aptasensor development.

Main Methods:

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Fabrication of a sandwich-like structure using magnetic-optical Fe3O4@SiO2@CdS-DNA1, CEA aptamer, and SiO2-Au-DNA2 signal elements.

Formation of the structure in the liquid phase, triggered by CEA competition leading to dissociation.

Photocurrent measurement in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) to remove coexisting species and enhance sensor performance.

Main Results:

The split-type PEC aptasensor demonstrated high sensitivity and rapid detection of CEA.
The sensor exhibited improved selectivity, stability, and repeatability compared to traditional methods.
Successful detection of CEA in serum specimens was achieved, validating the sensor's practical applicability.

Conclusions:

The developed split-type PEC aptasensor offers a promising, economical, and efficient platform for CEA detection.
This approach effectively addresses the drawbacks of traditional PEC sensor assembly.
The study paves the way for the development of high-performance PEC aptasensors for various biomarkers.