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Related Experiment Video

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Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
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Using eye-tracking to parse object recognition: Priming activates primarily a parts-based but also a late-emerging

Peter Gerhardstein1, Sarah Olsen2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-SUNY, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA. gerhard@binghamton.edu.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Object recognition relies on processing object parts, not just features. This study used eye-tracking to show that while parts-deleted images prime quickly, features-deleted images initially prime equally but later differentiate, supporting structural descriptions.

Keywords:
CognitiveEye movementsObject recognitionPriming

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Previous research suggested object priming occurs at the level of object parts, not individual features, supporting structural description theories.
  • The original studies utilized naming response tasks, yielding specific conclusions about priming effects for parts-deleted versus features-deleted stimuli.
  • The role of visual-level priming versus non-visual object concept priming was previously explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of object priming using an eye-tracking approach.
  • To re-examine the findings of Biederman and Cooper (1991) regarding parts-based versus features-based object representations.
  • To explore the interplay between global (parts) and local (features) levels of visual object processing over time.

Main Methods:

  • Adaptation of an eye-tracking methodology to monitor visual attention during object priming tasks.
  • Presentation of parts-deleted and features-deleted visual stimuli to participants.
  • Analysis of eye movements to determine the time course of priming effects and perceptual discrimination.

Main Results:

  • Parts-deleted images demonstrated rapid and exclusive priming of themselves, consistent with prior research.
  • Features-deleted images initially attracted equal attention to themselves and their 'complementary' versions.
  • Over time, participants viewing features-deleted images showed a divergence in attention, indicating discrimination between versions.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the primacy of structural parts descriptions in early stages of object recognition.
  • Evidence suggests the existence of multiple, interacting representational systems, encompassing both global and local visual information.
  • The temporal dynamics revealed by eye-tracking offer nuanced insights into the hierarchical processing of visual objects.