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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Optical Coherence Tomography: Imaging Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells In Vivo
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What is glaucomatous optic neuropathy?

Toru Nakazawa1, Takeo Fukuchi2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. ntoru@oph.med.tohoku.ac.jp.

Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) involves optic nerve damage. This research explores vascular involvement as a potential treatment target beyond intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction for conditions like primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Keywords:
Axonal transportBiomechanical theoryGlaucomatous optic neuropathyLamina cribrosaMechanical theoryVascular theory

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) is the optic nerve's pathological change in glaucoma.
  • Theories suggest GON originates from mechanical stress at the lamina cribrosa or vascular issues.
  • Glaucoma is historically defined as retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies for GON beyond IOP reduction.
  • To discuss the vascular theory of GON pathogenesis in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG).

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of current research and expert opinions on GON pathogenesis.
  • Discussion of two leading theories: mechanical compromise versus vascular involvement.

Main Results:

  • The consensus for glaucoma treatment focuses on IOP reduction.
  • The vascular theory presents a potential alternative or complementary approach to managing GON.
  • Expert opinions are presented on the roles of mechanical and vascular factors in POAG and NTG.

Conclusions:

  • Further investigation into the vascular aspects of GON is warranted.
  • Exploring vascular-targeted treatments could offer new therapeutic avenues for glaucoma patients.
  • Understanding the interplay between mechanical and vascular factors is crucial for comprehensive glaucoma management.