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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells
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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells

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Advances in technologies for 3D genomics research.

Yan Zhang1,2, Guoliang Li3,4

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.

Science China. Life Sciences
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

New three-dimensional (3D) genomics technologies are emerging to overcome challenges in studying genome organization. This review highlights recent advancements in Hi-C, ChIA-PET, non-proximal ligation, imaging, and CRISPR-based methods for functional validation.

Keywords:
3D genomicsCRISPRChIA-PETFISHHi-C

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Molecular Biology
  • Cellular and Nuclear Organization

Background:

  • Chromatin's spatial structure is crucial for cell function and gene regulation.
  • Traditional methods like Hi-C and ChIA-PET have limitations in 3D genomics research.
  • There is a need for more efficient, economical, and unbiased 3D genomics approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in 3D genomics research technologies.
  • To explore improvements in existing methods and novel approaches.
  • To highlight CRISPR-based functional validation as a future direction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of updated Hi-C and ChIA-PET methodologies.
  • Analysis of new non-proximal ligation strategies for genome interaction mapping.
  • Examination of recent improvements in imaging-based 3D genomics techniques.
  • Focus on CRISPR-based tools for functional validation in 3D genomics.

Main Results:

  • Recent studies show significant improvements in traditional 3D genomics techniques.
  • Novel non-proximal ligation and advanced imaging methods offer new insights.
  • CRISPR-based functional validation is emerging as a powerful tool for 3D genomics.

Conclusions:

  • Advancements in 3D genomics technologies are addressing current research challenges.
  • CRISPR-based functional validation holds promise for future 3D genomics studies.
  • Continued development of efficient and accessible methods will drive the field forward.