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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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One-Dimensional Edge Transport in Few-Layer WTe2.

Artem Kononov1,2, Gulibusitan Abulizi1, Kejian Qu3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.

Nano Letters
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Few-layer tungsten ditelluride (WTe2) exhibits one-dimensional topological edge states, confirmed by Josephson effect studies. These findings strongly suggest WTe2 is a higher-order topological insulator (HOTI).

Keywords:
1D edge statesJosephson effectWTe2higher order topological insulatorsnonsinusoidal CPR

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Topological Materials

Background:

  • Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2) is a layered material with predicted higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) properties.
  • Identifying and observing one-dimensional (1D) topological states in WTe2 is challenging due to its gapless nature and bulk transport interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the Josephson effect in few-layer WTe2 to distinguish between edge and bulk transport.
  • To provide evidence for the existence of 1D topological states and confirm WTe2 as a HOTI.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of few-layer WTe2 devices.
  • Measurement of the Josephson effect under varying magnetic fields.
  • Analysis of transport properties, including current-phase relation (CPR) and robustness in magnetic fields.

Main Results:

  • The Josephson effect measurements revealed the presence of 1D topological states on the edges and steps of few-layer WTe2.
  • Observed properties include long-range Josephson transport, remarkable magnetic field robustness, and nonsinusoidal CPR, similar to those in bismuth, another HOTI.
  • These characteristics are indicative of topologically protected states.

Conclusions:

  • The study strongly suggests that the observed 1D states in few-layer WTe2 are of topological origin.
  • The findings confirm that few-layer WTe2 behaves as a higher-order topological insulator (HOTI).
  • This work opens avenues for exploring topological phenomena in WTe2-based heterostructures.