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Macular Functional and Morphological Changes in Intermediate Age-Related Maculopathy.

Vincenzo Parisi1, Lucia Ziccardi1, Eliana Costanzo1

  • 1,.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|May 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) shows impaired macular function and structural changes in the retina and choroid. These changes, including reduced vessel density, occur without significant correlation to functional deficits.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Imaging
  • Macular Degeneration Research

Background:

  • Intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) is a leading cause of vision loss.
  • Understanding the relationship between macular function and ocular structures is crucial for iAMD management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate macular preganglionic function in iAMD patients.
  • To investigate the correlation between macular function and retinal/choroidal morphology in iAMD.

Main Methods:

  • Multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) assessed macular function.
  • Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and enhanced depth imaging OCT (EDI-OCT) analyzed retinal and choroidal structure.
  • OCT-angiography (OCTA) evaluated vessel density (VD) in capillary plexuses and choriocapillaris (CC).

Main Results:

  • iAMD eyes exhibited significantly reduced mfERG responses and increased choroidal vascularity index (CVI).
  • Increased retinal pigment epithelium thickness and outer retinal volume were observed in iAMD.
  • Reduced vessel density in the CC layer was noted in iAMD patients compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Photoreceptor and bipolar cell dysfunction is present in iAMD, associated with structural changes.
  • Choroidal vascular insufficiency may lead to compensatory enlargement of choroidal area in iAMD.