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Bifid mandibular canals: CBCT assessment and macroscopic observation
Xinyao Zhou1, Xiaoyu Gao1, Jian Zhang2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Stomatological Hospital, 12 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, 300070, China.
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|May 14, 2020
Summary
The bifid mandibular canal, an anatomical variation, affects over a quarter of the population. Identifying this variation using CBCT scans can prevent surgical accidents and complications.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Anatomy
- Radiology
Background:
- The bifid mandibular canal is an anatomical variation that can lead to complications such as anesthetic failure and surgical accidents.
- Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of this variation is crucial for dental professionals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and anatomical location of bifid mandibular canals.
- To provide valuable clinical insights for minimizing surgical accidents and postoperative complications.
Main Methods:
- Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 321 outpatients were analyzed.
- Prevalence, branch types (Naitoh's classification), and dimensional characteristics of bifid mandibular canals were evaluated.
- 194 dry adult mandibles were examined for retromolar foramina prevalence and diameter.
Main Results:
- Bifid mandibular canals were observed in 26.17% of patients (84 out of 321).
- Retromolar canals were the most frequent type (46.67%), followed by forward (40.00%), dental (10.48%), and buccolingual (2.86%) canals.
- Retromolar foramina were found in 11.86% of dry mandibles, with an average diameter of 0.94 ± 0.30 mm.
Conclusions:
- Over 26% of the population exhibits the bifid mandibular canal, posing a risk for surgical complications.
- CBCT imaging is an effective tool for identifying mandibular canal variations.
- Preoperative CBCT assessment is recommended to reduce surgical risks and improve patient outcomes.
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