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Total antioxidant capacity-Relevance, methods and clinical implications.

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  • 1American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

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Summary

Low total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in seminal plasma is linked to male infertility. Measuring TAC, alongside reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sperm DNA fragmentation (DFI), aids in diagnosing male infertility.

Keywords:
antioxidantsmale infertilityoxidative stressreactive oxygen speciesspermatozoa

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology and oxidative stress.
  • Biochemical markers of male fertility.

Background:

  • Oxidative stress, caused by excess oxidants from sources like leukocytes and immature spermatozoa, can impair fertility.
  • Seminal plasma contains enzymatic (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants that counteract oxidative stress.
  • Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) quantifies these antioxidants, reflecting the seminal plasma's reductive potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in the workup of male infertility.
  • To investigate the correlation between seminal TAC and key sperm parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Seminal plasma samples were analyzed for Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC).
  • TAC levels were compared between fertile and infertile men.
  • Correlation analysis was performed between TAC and sperm concentration, motility, and morphology.

Main Results:

  • Infertile men exhibited significantly lower seminal TAC compared to fertile men.
  • A positive correlation was observed between seminal TAC and sperm concentration, motility, and morphology.
  • TAC evaluation, combined with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), shows diagnostic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Seminal plasma TAC is a potential biomarker for male infertility.
  • Lower TAC is associated with impaired seminal parameters and infertility.
  • Integrated assessment of TAC, ROS, and DFI may enhance male infertility diagnosis.