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Are My Pediatric Patients at Increased Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease?

William Primack1, Stuart Kleeman2, Frank Boineau3

  • 1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Clinical Pediatrics
|May 14, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often missed. Children with prematurity, diabetes, or obesity face higher CKD risks, requiring early screening and careful treatment by clinicians.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nephrology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant, often undetected, contributor to illness and death.
  • Children and adolescents face increasing risks for CKD due to various health conditions managed by pediatric specialists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the underrecognized burden of CKD in pediatric populations.
  • To inform pediatric health professionals about risk factors and the importance of early CKD detection and management.

Main Methods:

  • This study reviews existing literature and clinical data on pediatric CKD risk factors.
  • It synthesizes information on conditions predisposing children to CKD, including prematurity, diabetes, hypertension, congenital heart disease, sickle cell disease, obesity, and toxic exposures.

Main Results:

  • Numerous pediatric conditions elevate the risk of developing CKD.
  • Key risk factors include prematurity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, congenital heart disease, sickle cell disease, severe obesity, chemotherapy, drug toxicities, sepsis, and ECMO therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric clinicians must be vigilant in screening for CKD in at-risk children.
  • Selecting non-nephrotoxic treatments and timely intervention or referral are crucial for managing pediatric CKD.

Keywords:
diabetes mellitushypertensionkidney diseaseobesityprematurityproteinuriasickle cell disease

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