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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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Update on Candida krusei, a potential multidrug-resistant pathogen.

A T Jamiu1, J Albertyn1, O M Sebolai1

  • 1Pathogenic Yeast Research Group, Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa, 9301.

Medical Mycology
|May 14, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, particularly Candida krusei, are increasingly causing infections due to antifungal drug resistance. This review explores C. krusei

Keywords:
Candida krusei, biotechnology, pathogenicity, antifungal resistancealternative therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Candida albicans is the primary cause of candidiasis, but non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, including Candida krusei, are emerging pathogens.
  • Candida krusei is a yeast found in healthy individuals but can cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients, especially those with hematologic malignancies.
  • Increased resistance of NAC species to antifungal drugs, including intrinsic resistance of C. krusei to fluconazole, drives this epidemiological shift.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biology, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of Candida krusei.
  • To discuss the mechanisms of antifungal resistance in Candida species.
  • To explore alternative therapeutic approaches for challenging fungal infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current knowledge on Candida krusei.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends in candidiasis.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms of antifungal drug resistance.
  • Discussion of alternative therapies.

Main Results:

  • Candida krusei is an opportunistic pathogen with intrinsic and acquired resistance to common antifungal drugs.
  • Mechanisms of resistance include target alteration/overexpression, reduced drug accumulation, and bypass pathways.
  • The limited antifungal arsenal and drug development challenges necessitate exploration of alternative treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Candida krusei represents a significant multidrug-resistant fungal threat, particularly in vulnerable populations.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.
  • Alternative therapies are urgently needed to combat resistant Candida infections.