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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

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Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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Sensory Modalities01:15

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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

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Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
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Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

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Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Rapid In Situ Hybridization using Oligonucleotide Probes on Paraformaldehyde-prefixed Brain of Rats with Serotonin Syndrome
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Serotonergic modulation across sensory modalities.

Tyler R Sizemore1, Laura M Hurley2, Andrew M Dacks1,3

  • 1Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|May 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain

Keywords:
auditory systemcomparative studyolfactory systemsensory processingserotonin

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Biology
  • Sensory Systems

Background:

  • The serotonergic system, a key neuromodulator, is extensively researched across diverse animal species and functional networks.
  • Its widespread presence in sensory networks positions it to influence sensory processing across different modalities and organizational levels.
  • Serotonergic neurons integrate sensory, motor, and motivational information, enabling context-dependent modulation of sensory perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of the serotonergic system in contextualizing sensory information across species and modalities.
  • To investigate how serotonin influences sensory processing at the circuit and functional levels.
  • To highlight the integral role of serotonin and neuromodulators in sensory systems.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of serotonergic system's role in sensory processing across taxa.
  • Examination of neuroanatomical projections and receptor expression patterns within sensory networks.
  • Functional assessment of serotonin's impact on sensory information gating and filtering.

Main Results:

  • Serotonergic neurons receive converging inputs, allowing for contextualization of sensory information based on internal states and external events.
  • Serotonin exhibits variable effects on sensory circuitry due to differential projections and receptor expression.
  • Serotonin can modulate sensory input by emphasizing specific features or selecting information streams.

Conclusions:

  • The serotonergic system is crucial for contextualizing sensory information, integrating physiological state and external events.
  • Differential expression and projections of serotonin receptors lead to varied modulatory effects within sensory subregions.
  • Serotonin and other neuromodulators are integral components of sensory systems, significantly impacting stimulus representation and information processing.