Eco-friendly mechanobiological assisted extraction of phenolic acids and flavonoids from Chrysanthemum

A novel mechanobiological assisted extraction (MBAE) method was developed for simultaneous extraction of phenolic acids and flavonoids from Chrysanthemum morifolium. Optimization of extraction factors was performed by response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design. The optimal parameters for MBAE were as follows: the amount of enzyme 1% (wt^-1), cellulase/pectinase ratio 2:1 (mgmg^-1), enzyme solution pH 4.88, extraction pH 10.0, grinding time 40 min and liquid/solid ratio 20:1 (mL/g). Five target compounds flavonoids were identified and quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in a negative mode. Under optimum conditions, the standard calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.01-20 μg mL^-1 and the correlation coefficients were above 0.999 with recoveries of 87.74-119.96%. The developed MBAE method showed the advantages of efficient, time-saving and environmentally friendly which had greater extraction capacity than conventional organic extraction. This is the first attempt that combining mechanochemistry and enzymes to simultaneously extraction phenolic acid and flavonoids from plant.