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Experience With 0.1% Tacrolimus Eye Drop for Noninfectious, Non-necrotizing Anterior Scleritis
Hiroyuki Yazu1, Dai Miyazaki, Hiroshi Fujishima
1Department of Ophthalmology (H.Y., H.F.), Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan ; Department of Ophthalmology (H.Y.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ; and Ophthalmology and Visual Science (D.M.), Faculty of Medicine Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
Objectives:
To report experience with 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops in the treatment of noninfectious, non-necrotizing anterior scleritis.
Methods:
This prospective, single-arm study included nine patients (4 men and 5 women; mean age=59.4 years, SD=10.5) with anterior scleritis. All patients were first treated with steroids for 1 month and then switched to tacrolimus eye drops alone. We defined baseline as the initiation of tacrolimus eye drops. Hyperemia and pain were scored before each treatment, at 1 and 2 weeks, and at 1 month after initiation of each treatment using 5 grades (0=none; 1+=mild; 2+=moderate; 3+=severe; 4+=extremely severe). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was also measured during treatment with each drug. Safety was assessed based on the severity and the incidence of adverse events.
Results:
The scores of hyperemia and pain had significantly decreased from baseline by 1 week after initiating tacrolimus eye drops (both P<0.05). No significant reduction was observed with steroid treatment throughout the 1-month period in both scores. Tacrolimus eye drops elicited statistically significant differences in mean IOP over the course of treatment (P=0.02). No additional medications were required to provide relief in any of the patients receiving tacrolimus treatment. No patient demonstrated infectious adverse events after initiation of tacrolimus treatment.
Conclusions:
Topical tacrolimus may effectively and immediately reduce clinical signs and symptoms of noninfectious, non-necrotizing anterior scleritis in cases unresponsive to a course of topical steroid.
