Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

23.5K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
23.5K
Complexometric Titration: Ligands00:43

Complexometric Titration: Ligands

2.1K
Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
2.1K
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

1.0K
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
1.0K
Complexation Equilibria: Overview01:23

Complexation Equilibria: Overview

1.2K
Complexation reactions take place when dative or coordinate covalent bonds form between metal ions and ligands. The compounds formed in these reactions are called coordination compounds. The number of bonds formed between the metal ion and the ligands is called its coordination number. Generally, most metal ions in an aqueous solution are solvated by water molecules and thus exist as aqua complexes.
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
1.2K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

127.0K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
127.0K
Ions, Molecules, and Compounds01:23

Ions, Molecules, and Compounds

12.0K
Ions - When an atom participates in a chemical reaction that results in the donation or acceptance of one or more electrons, the atom becomes positively or negatively charged. This frequently happens for most atoms to have a full valence shell. This can happen either by gaining electrons to fill a shell that is more than half-full or by giving away electrons to empty a shell that is less than half-full, thereby leaving the next smaller electron shell as the new, full valence shell. An atom with...
12.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neutron Scattering Reveals a Dynamic Surface Equilibrium on l-α-Lecithin Functionalized CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> Nanocrystals.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Towards machine-learning-based on-the-fly analysis of neutron reflectometry.

Journal of applied crystallography·2026
Same author

A pipeline for megahertz X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy on soft matter samples at the MID instrument of European XFEL.

Journal of synchrotron radiation·2026
Same author

Acid-induced acceleration of kinetics and dynamics during thermal gelation of egg yolk.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Interparticle Ion Migration in Cesium Lead Mixed-Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Superlattices.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Non-Fickian diffusion within assemblies of the intrinsically disordered protein β-casein.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
11:04

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Published on: September 7, 2019

9.7K

Multivalent ions and biomolecules: Attempting a comprehensive perspective.

Olga Matsarskaia1, Felix Roosen-Runge2,3, Frank Schreiber4

  • 1Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|May 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multivalent ions significantly impact biological macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids, causing effects from local interactions to global phase behavior. This review highlights similarities and differences across these systems.

Keywords:
biomoleculesbiophysical chemistrycharge-mediated interactionsmultivalent ionsphase behaviour

More Related Videos

Quantifying the Binding Interactions Between CuII and Peptide Residues in the Presence and Absence of Chromophores
11:38

Quantifying the Binding Interactions Between CuII and Peptide Residues in the Presence and Absence of Chromophores

Published on: April 5, 2022

2.9K
Thermochemical Studies of NiII and ZnII Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry
16:11

Thermochemical Studies of NiII and ZnII Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
11:04

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Published on: September 7, 2019

9.7K
Quantifying the Binding Interactions Between CuII and Peptide Residues in the Presence and Absence of Chromophores
11:38

Quantifying the Binding Interactions Between CuII and Peptide Residues in the Presence and Absence of Chromophores

Published on: April 5, 2022

2.9K
Thermochemical Studies of NiII and ZnII Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry
16:11

Thermochemical Studies of NiII and ZnII Ternary Complexes Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Ions are crucial for molecular-scale biological processes.
  • Multivalent ions exert stronger and qualitatively different effects than monovalent ions.
  • Examples include Ca2+ binding to macromolecules, inducing compaction, collapse, charge inversion, and precipitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review effects and phenomena induced by multivalent ions on biological macromolecules.
  • To discuss interactions from local atomistic details to global phase behavior.
  • To cover proteins, nucleic acids, and amphiphilic molecules, noting analogies and differences.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and case studies.
  • Analysis of multivalent ion interactions with biological macromolecules.
  • Comparison across different molecular systems (proteins, nucleic acids, amphiphiles).

Main Results:

  • Multivalent ions induce diverse effects including compaction, phase separation, and crystallization.
  • Specific interactions and global phase behaviors are influenced by ion charge and concentration.
  • Proteins, nucleic acids, and amphiphiles exhibit both unique responses and shared phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Multivalent ions play a critical role in biological macromolecular behavior.
  • Understanding these effects bridges physical chemistry, soft matter, and biology.
  • Similarities in ion-induced phenomena across different biological systems are significant.