Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...

Self-Schemas

Self-Schemas

In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.

Factorial Design

Factorial Design

Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern

Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health Perception Patterns
Health perception patterns offer valuable insights into a patient's lifestyle habits and how they may impact their GI health. These patterns include:

Taste Buds and Receptors

Taste Buds and Receptors

Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Validating OCOsense smart glasses in a three-week home-based study: Assessing detection of eating, food identification and the use of haptic feedback to aid behaviour modification.

Appetite·2025

Same author

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Sweet Taste Liking and Related Traits: New Insights from Twin Cohorts.

Behavior genetics·2025

Same author

Effects of sensory and environmental labelling of plant-based products on consumer acceptance: Context, energy density and framing factors.

Appetite·2025

Same author

Uncontrolled eating is associated with higher impulsiveness, risk taking and novelty-seeking.

Appetite·2024

Same author

Habitual intake of fat and sugar is associated with poorer memory and greater impulsivity in humans.

PloS one·2023

Same author

Predictors of state-based changes in wanting and liking.

Appetite·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors

Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors

Published on: January 25, 2018

Testing a load theory framework for food-related cognition.

Jenny Morris¹, Martin R Yeomans¹, Sophie Forster¹

¹Department of Psychology, University of Sussex.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General

|May 15, 2020

Summary

Perceptual load impacts food attention and memory similarly. While high load reduces food distraction, memory biases for food persist, especially in disinhibited eaters, offering insights into eating behaviors.

More Related Videos

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans

Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans

Published on: March 19, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors

Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors

Published on: January 25, 2018

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans

Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans

Published on: March 19, 2014

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Behavioral Science

Background:

Food reward processing is crucial for behavior, with biases implicated in obesity.
Paradoxically, both excessive and insufficient attention to food can lead to overeating.
The load theory of attention and memory biases offer a framework to resolve this contradiction.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how perceptual load affects attentional and memory biases for food stimuli.
To elucidate the role of memory biases in food-related cognition.
To test predictions derived from the load theory of attention regarding food distractors.

Main Methods:

Three experiments involved presenting food and nonfood images as distractors during letter search tasks.
Tasks manipulated perceptual load (high vs. low).
A forced-choice recognition task assessed memory for presented images.

Main Results:

Increased perceptual load significantly reduced distraction by both food and nonfood images.
Food images were less likely to be recognized after being encountered under high perceptual load.
No attentional bias for food was found beyond salient nonfood stimuli.
A consistent food memory bias emerged, independent of attentional biases.
Heightened food memory was observed in individuals with high trait disinhibition.

Conclusions:

Perceptual load similarly affects attention and memory for food and nonfood stimuli.
Memory biases, rather than attentional biases, appear more prominent in food-related cognition.
Findings support the load theory of attention framework and have implications for understanding eating behaviors.