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Related Concept Videos

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

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Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
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The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

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Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
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2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

5.2K
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
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EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

1.1K
EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
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A Complete Method for Evaluating the Performance of Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Antibiotics in Environmental Remediation
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Tetracyclines lead to ammonium accumulation during nitrification process.

Rayane Kunert Langbehn1, Camila Michels1, Hugo Moreira Soares1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
|May 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Tetracycline and oxytetracycline, used in swine production, impact nitrifying bacteria. Tetracycline showed a higher inhibitory effect on ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), but long-term exposure reduced this impact, though effluent quality was affected.

Keywords:
Antibioticsemerging pollutantsnitrifying bacterianitritationtetracyclinetoxic effects

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Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Wastewater treatment
  • Antibiotic resistance

Background:

  • Tetracyclines are widely used in swine production, raising concerns about their environmental impact.
  • Nitrifying bacteria are crucial for wastewater treatment, converting ammonia to less harmful substances.
  • Understanding antibiotic effects on these bacteria is vital for managing environmental risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of tetracycline and oxytetracycline on nitrifying bacteria cultures.
  • To determine the sensitivity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and general nitrifying bacteria to these antibiotics.
  • To assess the impact of long-term antibiotic exposure on bacterial function and effluent quality.

Main Methods:

  • Short-term and long-term exposure assays were conducted using AOB and nitrifying bacteria cultures.
  • Different concentrations of tetracycline and oxytetracycline were applied.
  • Ammonium conversion efficiency and effluent quality parameters were measured.

Main Results:

  • Tetracycline exhibited a greater inhibitory effect on both bacterial communities compared to oxytetracycline.
  • AOB were more sensitive to antibiotic exposure than the general nitrifying culture.
  • Long-term exposure to tetracycline reduced its inhibitory effect on AOB, but decreased ammonium conversion efficiency and effluent quality, linked to increased EPS and SMP production.

Conclusions:

  • Tetracycline poses a significant risk to nitrifying bacteria, particularly AOB, in wastewater treatment.
  • AOB can develop resistance to tetracycline through mechanisms that impair treatment efficiency and effluent quality.
  • Careful management of antibiotic use in agriculture is necessary to mitigate environmental impacts on microbial communities.