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How and why do young soccer players change the Flow State?
Alfonso Castillo-Rodríguez1, Christian Ureña Lopera1, Wanesa Onetti-Onetti2
1Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Plos One
|May 15, 2020
Summary
Flow State (FS) is lower in young soccer players before official competition than before training. This impacts sports performance and is linked to playing position and academic achievement.
Area of Science:
- Sports Psychology
- Exercise Science
- Youth Sports
Background:
- Psychological characteristics like Flow State (FS) significantly influence sports performance (SP).
- In team sports such as soccer, player roles vary by position, potentially affecting psychological states.
- Understanding FS fluctuations is crucial for optimizing performance in young athletes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare Flow State (FS) dimensions in U16 soccer players between training (TR) and competition (CM) contexts.
- To investigate differences in FS based on playing position.
- To explore relationships between FS dimensions, physical characteristics, and academic performance.
Main Methods:
- 141 U16 soccer players (mean age 14.7 years) participated.
- Data collected included academic performance, physical/socio-demographic characteristics, and FS dimensions assessed before TR and CM.
- Statistical analysis compared FS across conditions and positions, and examined correlations.
Main Results:
- FS dimensions were significantly higher before training (TR) compared to before competition (CM) across all playing positions (p < 0.05).
- Forwards reported lower scores in the 'clear goals' dimension compared to other positions.
- Several FS dimensions showed a positive correlation with academic performance.
Conclusions:
- Flow State (FS) is diminished in U16 soccer players in a pre-competition state compared to a pre-training state.
- These findings highlight the negative impact of reduced FS on pre-competition states and performance.
- Playing position and academic performance are identified as factors influencing FS in young soccer players.
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