Structural basis of ergothioneine biosynthesis
Anja R Stampfli1, Wulf Blankenfeldt2, Florian P Seebeck1
1Department for Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, Basel, Switzerland.
Current Opinion in Structural Biology
|May 15, 2020
Summary
Ergothioneine, a dietary compound, is synthesized by microbes and acts as an antioxidant. Research reveals its unique biosynthesis pathway and evolutionary origins.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Ergothioneine is a sulfur-containing histidine derivative found in human tissues via diet.
- Its precise biological role is under investigation, with evidence suggesting antioxidant properties.
- It may protect human cells from oxidative stress and pathogenic bacteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in understanding ergothioneine biosynthesis.
- To explore the structural basis of ergothioneine synthesis.
- To examine the evolutionary emergence of ergothioneine biosynthesis.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on ergothioneine.
- Analysis of structural and enzymological data related to its synthesis.
- Investigation of evolutionary pathways for ergothioneine biosynthesis.
Main Results:
- Ergothioneine biosynthesis involves unusual carbon-sulfur bond formation.
- The biosynthesis pathway has emerged independently at least three times through molecular evolution.
- Structural insights into the enzymes involved are being uncovered.
Conclusions:
- Ergothioneine biosynthesis is a fascinating example of convergent evolution.
- Understanding its synthesis provides insights into antioxidant mechanisms and microbial metabolism.
- Further research into ergothioneine's role and origin is warranted.
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