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Gender Differences in Patients With COVID-19: Focus on Severity and Mortality
Jian-Min Jin1,2, Peng Bai1,2, Wei He3
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in Public Health
|May 16, 2020
Summary
Men with COVID-19 face higher risks of severe outcomes and death compared to women. This study analyzed COVID-19 and SARS patient data, finding men are disproportionately affected regardless of age.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic shares similarities with the 2003 SARS outbreak.
- Understanding demographic risk factors is crucial for managing viral respiratory illnesses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the severity and mortality rates between male and female patients diagnosed with COVID-19 or SARS.
- To investigate the independent role of sex in COVID-19 and SARS outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Data analysis of a case series of 43 hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- Examination of a public dataset of 1,019 COVID-19 survivors and 37 deceased patients in China.
- Review of data from 524 SARS patients, including 139 deaths, from Beijing in 2003.
Main Results:
- Older age and comorbidities correlated with increased severity and mortality in both COVID-19 and SARS patients.
- Men showed a higher tendency for more severe cases in the case series (P=0.035).
- Men represented 70.3% of COVID-19 deaths versus 29.7% of survivors (P=0.016), and a higher percentage of males were in the deceased SARS group (P=0.015).
Conclusions:
- Men with COVID-19 exhibit a significantly higher risk of adverse outcomes and mortality compared to women.
- Sex-based disparities in mortality were observed in both COVID-19 and SARS, independent of age.
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