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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.9K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection
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Axion Search with a Quantum-Limited Ferromagnetic Haloscope.

N Crescini1,2, D Alesini3, C Braggio2,4

  • 1INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Università 2, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.

Physical Review Letters
|May 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new ferromagnetic axion haloscope sets the best limits on the axion-electron coupling constant, advancing dark matter searches. This experiment utilizes a sensitive radio frequency spin magnetometer to detect axions.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics
  • Quantum Sensing

Background:

  • Dark matter constitutes a significant portion of the universe's mass, and axions are leading candidates.
  • Detecting axions requires sensitive instruments capable of probing their weak interactions with matter.
  • Previous axion searches have explored various detection strategies, each with limitations in sensitivity or mass range.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To search for dark matter axions by detecting their interaction with electronic spins using a ferromagnetic axion haloscope.
  • To establish new, stringent limits on the axion-electron coupling constant (g_aee).
  • To demonstrate a novel method for wide-range axion mass scanning.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a photon-magnon hybrid system as an axion-to-electromagnetic field transducer.
  • Utilized a quantum-limited Josephson parametric amplifier as a sensitive radio frequency (rf) detector.
  • Configured ten yttrium iron garnet spheres within a microwave cavity, coupled by a static magnetic field.

Main Results:

  • Achieved the highest sensitivity for an rf spin magnetometer, reaching a minimum detectable field of 5.5×10⁻¹⁹ T.
  • Set the best limit on the axion-electron coupling constant to g_aee ≤ 1.7×10⁻¹¹ at 95% confidence level.
  • Covered a frequency span of 120 MHz, corresponding to axion masses between 42.4–43.1 μeV.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ferromagnetic axion haloscope provides the most sensitive probe to date for axion-electron interactions.
  • The experiment significantly improves constraints on dark matter axions within the explored mass range.
  • This work demonstrates the first apparatus capable of wide axion-mass scanning solely by adjusting the static magnetic field.