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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Multimodal 3D Printing of Phantoms to Simulate Biological Tissue
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Three-Dimensionally Printed On-Skin Radiation Shields Using High-Density Filament.

Daniel F Craft1, Jarrod Lentz1, Mike Armstrong1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona.

Practical Radiation Oncology
|May 16, 2020
PubMed
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3D-printed bronze (3DPB) shields offer a viable alternative to traditional lead shields for superficial radiation therapy. These 3DPB shields provide comparable shielding with improved patient comfort and manufacturing efficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Custom lead shields are standard for superficial radiation therapy but are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and uncomfortable for patients.
  • 3D-printed bronze (3DPB) shields present an alternative, leveraging 3D printing for patient-specific fabrication.

Observation:

  • Transmission of 6 and 9 MeV electron beams through 3DPB was measured, alongside percent depth doses and beam profiles.
  • Comparisons were made between 3DPB and lead shields regarding surface dose enhancement, output factors, and field widths.
  • Shielding characteristics were evaluated using an anthropomorphic phantom and in clinical treatments of 7 patients.

Findings:

  • 10-15 mm of 3DPB effectively shielded 95% of 6 and 9 MeV electrons, respectively.

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  • 3DPB and lead shields exhibited similar beam widths and output factors, with minor differences in skin dose enhancement.
  • Phantom studies showed <3% primary beam transmission under 3DPB shields, and patient shields were clinically acceptable.

    • Implications:

    • 3DPB shields offer superior fit, easier manufacturing, and comparable dosimetric properties to lead shields.
    • 3D-printed bronze shields represent a clinically viable option for patient-specific superficial radiation shielding.
    • This technology has the potential to improve patient comfort and streamline treatment planning in radiation oncology.