Three-Dimensionally Printed On-Skin Radiation Shields Using High-Density Filament

Area of Science:

• Medical Physics
• Radiation Oncology
• Materials Science

Background:

• Custom lead shields are standard for superficial radiation therapy but are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and uncomfortable for patients.
• 3D-printed bronze (3DPB) shields present an alternative, leveraging 3D printing for patient-specific fabrication.

Observation:

• Transmission of 6 and 9 MeV electron beams through 3DPB was measured, alongside percent depth doses and beam profiles.
• Comparisons were made between 3DPB and lead shields regarding surface dose enhancement, output factors, and field widths.
• Shielding characteristics were evaluated using an anthropomorphic phantom and in clinical treatments of 7 patients.

Findings:

• 10-15 mm of 3DPB effectively shielded 95% of 6 and 9 MeV electrons, respectively.
• 3DPB and lead shields exhibited similar beam widths and output factors, with minor differences in skin dose enhancement.
• Phantom studies showed <3% primary beam transmission under 3DPB shields, and patient shields were clinically acceptable.

Implications:

• 3DPB shields offer superior fit, easier manufacturing, and comparable dosimetric properties to lead shields.
• 3D-printed bronze shields represent a clinically viable option for patient-specific superficial radiation shielding.
• This technology has the potential to improve patient comfort and streamline treatment planning in radiation oncology.