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Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

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Published on: September 18, 2012

Accident Vulnerability and Vision for Action: A Pilot Investigation.

Anthony J Lambert¹, Tanvi Sharma¹, Nathan Ryckman¹

¹School of Psychology and Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.

Vision (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 17, 2020

Summary

Accident risk is linked to how well our vision guides actions, not just what we see. This study found vision for action, not perception, predicts accident vulnerability in adults.

Keywords:

accidents vision for action

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Last Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects

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Published on: September 18, 2012

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

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Published on: April 4, 2025

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Gerontology
Ophthalmology

Background:

Accidents often involve visual failures, yet standard vision tests show weak links to accident risk.
Neuroscience distinguishes between vision for perception and vision for action.
A dual-process model suggests vision for action is more critical for accident prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between accident vulnerability and the two types of vision: perception and action.
To determine if vision for action or vision for perception better predicts accident proneness.
To explore the role of age and physical performance in this relationship.

Main Methods:

Recruited older and younger adults reporting varying accident vulnerability.
Assessed vision for perception using the Freiburg Visual Acuity Test.
Evaluated vision for action with the Vision for Action Test (VAT) and physical function with the Short Physical Performance Battery.

Main Results:

Accident vulnerability was not correlated with visual acuity or physical performance.
Performance on the Vision for Action Test (VAT) was significantly associated with accident vulnerability.
This association remained significant after controlling for age, visual acuity, and physical performance.

Conclusions:

Vision for action, specifically the ability to rapidly link peripheral visual stimuli to eye movements, is a key predictor of accident vulnerability.
Standard visual acuity and physical function tests do not capture this crucial aspect of visuomotor control relevant to accidents.
Findings highlight the importance of assessing vision for action in understanding and mitigating accident risk.