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A Full Technological Traceability System for Extra Virgin Olive Oil.

Simona Violino¹, Federico Pallottino¹, Giulio Sperandio¹

¹Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA)-Centro di Ricerca Ingegneria e Trasformazioni Agroalimentari, Via della Pascolare 16, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.

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Summary

A new electronic traceability system (TTS) using RFID and QR codes ensures extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) authenticity. This system is economically sustainable for small farms and aids precision agriculture.

Keywords:

Arduino EVOO RFID blockchain infotracing made in Italy supply chain

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Food Technology
Supply Chain Management

Background:

Consumer demand for authentic extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) necessitates robust traceability systems.
Current traceability methods may lack comprehensive coverage across the entire production chain.
Ensuring EVOO authenticity protects consumers and upholds product integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and implement an electronic traceability prototype for EVOO.
To assess the economic sustainability of the proposed traceability system on a small Italian farm.
To verify the system's capability to track EVOO from tree to consumer.

Main Methods:

Development of a technological traceability system (TTS) using open-source RFID and QR code devices.
Integration of a dedicated open-source app with potential for blockchain.
Tracking EVOO from 33 olive trees across three cultivars (Carboncella, Frantoio, Leccino).
Economic analysis considering semi-mechanized olive harvesting.

Main Results:

The TTS application cost ranged from 3% to 15.5% of total production (5-60 kg/tree).
Economic sustainability was confirmed at the consortium level with mechanized harvesting.
The system effectively tracks EVOO from the olive tree to the final consumer.

Conclusions:

The proposed electronic traceability system (TTS) enhances EVOO authenticity and consumer protection.
The system demonstrates economic viability, particularly at larger scales.
TTS adoption can guide farmers toward precision farming practices.