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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

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Nasal Microbiota in RSV Bronchiolitis.

Serena Schippa1, Antonella Frassanito2, Massimiliano Marazzato1

  • 1Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Microorganisms
|May 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection in infants significantly alters nasal microbiota, reducing biodiversity and changing microbial composition. RSV-A infections show the most severe disruptions in microbial networks, impacting bronchiolitis severity.

Keywords:
biodiversitybronchiolitisdiscriminant speciesmicrobe interactionsmicrobial networks analysesmicrobiotarespiratory syncytial virustaxa abundance

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a primary cause of infant bronchiolitis.
  • The severity of bronchiolitis may be linked to the nasal bacterial ecosystem.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze nasal microbiota differences in infants with RSV-bronchiolitis compared to non-RSV bronchiolitis.
  • To investigate the impact of RSV infection on microbial biodiversity, composition, and network structure.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nasal microbiota from 48 infants with RSV-bronchiolitis and 28 infants with non-RSV bronchiolitis.
  • Comparison of microbial biodiversity, relative abundance of taxa, and microbial network correlations between groups.

Main Results:

  • RSV-positive infants exhibited significantly lower nasal microbiota biodiversity than RSV-negative infants.
  • Distinct microbial profiles and altered taxa abundance were observed in RSV-positive infants, particularly in the RSV-A subgroup.
  • Microbial network analysis revealed reduced connectivity in RSV-positive infants, especially with RSV-A infection.

Conclusions:

  • Infants with RSV-bronchiolitis, especially RSV-A, show significant perturbations in nasal microbiota structure and relationships.
  • Microbiota alterations correlate with bronchiolitis severity, with milder cases (RSV-B or virus-cleared) displaying less severe changes.