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Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Multiple myeloma with central nervous system relapse.

Philip A Egan¹, Patrick T Elder², W Ian Deighan³

¹Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Ulster University, Derry/Londonderry, Northern Ireland.

|May 17, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Central nervous system involvement is a rare but serious complication of multiple myeloma. Early diagnosis and novel treatments are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with this condition.

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Published on: December 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Hematology
Neurology
Oncology

Background:

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in multiple myeloma (MM) is infrequent but associated with a poor prognosis.
Patients often have a prior MM diagnosis and have undergone multiple treatments.
Understanding risk factors and distinct biology is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current literature on CNS involvement in MM, including presentation, treatment, and survival.
To describe the experience of a regional center in diagnosing and managing CNS myeloma.
To highlight diagnostic challenges and propose future research directions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of presentation, treatment, and survival data.
Retrospective analysis of ten cases from a regional hematologic malignancy center over 15 years.
Discussion of clinical features, imaging, and laboratory diagnostic methods.

Main Results:

CNS involvement in MM presents with heterogeneous symptoms, often confounded by other myeloma-related or treatment-induced neurological issues.
Diagnosis can be challenging, requiring consideration of this rare complication in patients with neurological symptoms.
Median age of onset is between 50-60 years, with patients often having advanced disease.

Conclusions:

CNS involvement in multiple myeloma necessitates careful consideration due to diagnostic challenges and poor prognosis.
Novel treatment strategies are being explored in the absence of robust clinical trial data.
Establishment of an International Registry is proposed to gather essential data on this rare complication.