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A sonic root detector for revealing tree coarse root distribution.

Andrea R Proto1, Antonino Di Iorio2, Lorenzo M Abenavoli1

  • 1Department of Agriculture, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, 89122, Reggio Calabria, Italy.

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|May 17, 2020
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This study found that sonic speed mapping reliably detects coarse root biomass distribution in olive trees up to 120 cm from the trunk, but not root diameter. Detection is most accurate within 30 cm soil depth.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Forestry
  • Plant Biology

Background:

  • Accurate mapping of tree root systems is crucial for understanding nutrient uptake and structural stability.
  • Non-destructive methods are needed to assess root distribution without harming mature trees.
  • Previous methods often lack precision in determining in situ root architecture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability of a non-destructive sonic speed method for mapping coarse root distribution in olive trees.
  • To compare sonic speed-based root mapping with invasive 3D digitizer data.
  • To determine the effective range and limitations of the Root Detector device for root biomass and diameter assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Non-destructive root mapping using a Root Detector device based on sonic speed.
  • Invasive 3D digitizing of root architecture after soil excavation.
  • Correlation analysis between sonic speed data and actual root biomass and diameter distribution.

Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was found between sonic speed and coarse root biomass distribution within 30 cm soil depth.
  • Correlation decreased with distance from the trunk, becoming negligible beyond 120 cm (6x DBH).
  • No correlation was observed between sonic speed and root diameter, indicating a limitation in size assessment.

Conclusions:

  • The Root Detector is effective for mapping coarse root biomass distribution in olive trees under specific conditions (depth, biomass percentage).
  • The 120 cm distance from the trunk represents a threshold for reliable root detection using this method.
  • Sonic speed mapping is not suitable for determining root diameter or geometric parameters.