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Lacune is the stroke subtype linked to obstructive sleep apnea

Fawaz Al-Hussain1, Yousef Mohammad2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine; College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 7805, Riyadh, 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. faalhussain@ksu.edu.sa.

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|May 17, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea is common in ischemic stroke patients. Small artery disease is the most frequent stroke subtype linked to obstructive sleep apnea, requiring vigilant clinical assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Disease

Background:

  • Stroke prevention relies on managing subtype-specific risk factors.
  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a known risk factor for stroke.
  • Limited data exists on the specific stroke subtypes associated with OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnea and specific ischemic stroke subtypes.
  • To determine the prevalence of OSA in patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center observational case series of 170 acute ischemic stroke patients.
  • Stroke subtypes were classified using TOAST criteria.
  • Obstructive sleep apnea was assessed using the Berlin questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • 51% of ischemic stroke patients had obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Small artery disease was significantly more prevalent in patients with OSA (44% vs. 26%).
  • Hypertension was independently associated with small artery disease in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Small artery disease is the predominant stroke subtype associated with obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Clinicians should actively screen ischemic stroke patients for OSA, particularly those with small artery disease.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ischemic strokeObstructive sleep apneaSmall artery diseaseStroke subtype

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