Outcomes of young children hospitalized with acute wheezing

Sasawan Chinratanapisit1, Paskorn Sritipsukho2,3, Araya Satdhabudha4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Thailand.

Insights

Recurrent wheezing in children is linked to being the second-born or more, vitamin D insufficiency, a history of wheezing, and allergic rhinitis. These factors increase the risk of emergency visits and hospitalizations within a year.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Wheezing is a prevalent symptom in preschool-aged children.
  • Identifying risk factors for recurrent wheezing is crucial for effective management and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of recurrent wheezing in young children hospitalized with acute wheezing.
  • To explore factors associated with recurrent wheezing within 12 months post-hospitalization.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 236 children (6 months to 5 years) hospitalized for acute wheezing in Thailand.
  • Data collected included demographics, home environment, clinical characteristics, serum specific IgE levels, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations.
  • Follow-up for 12 months assessed recurrent wheezing events, emergency visits, and hospitalizations.

Main Results:

  • Of 236 children, 39.8% experienced their first wheezing episode. Atopy was present in 83.5% and vitamin D insufficiency in 23.7%.
  • The one-year risk of emergency visits for recurrent wheezing was 49.7%, and hospitalization risk was 23.1%.
  • Multivariable analysis identified being the second-born or more (aOR 2.5), vitamin D insufficiency (aOR 2.3), prior wheezing history (aOR 1.9), and allergic rhinitis (aOR 1.6) as significant risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Being the second-born or more, vitamin D insufficiency, a history of wheezing, and allergic rhinitis are significant risk factors for recurrent wheezing in young children.
  • These findings highlight the importance of addressing vitamin D levels and managing allergic conditions in children prone to wheezing.
Abstract

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