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Published on: April 21, 2016
Regulation of SPARC family proteins in disorders of the central nervous system
Shuang Chen1, Qin Zou2, Yongmin Chen1
1Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China; Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
Abstract:
SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) family of proteins is a class of protein involved in tissue development and repair by regulating cell adhesion, proliferation, metastasis, and growth factor signaling to affect the extracellular matrix (ECM) and interactions between cells. Although being highly valued in non-nerve tissues, studies in both cell and animal models have been revealed that SPARC family proteins may also continue to play a vital role in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and development. These SPARC family proteins are widely expressed in the CNS of normal people, and significantly increased in brain tissue following disease or injury, such as SPARC, SPARCL-1, FSTL-1 and testican. In our review, we will pay attention to the functions of SPARC family proteins in autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, adipogenesis, inflammatory response, and cerebral tissue development, injury and repair mainly including but not limited to axon regeneration, formation of glial scar, neural plasticity, regulation of nerve conduction related receptors and rewiring of neural circuitry.
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