Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

5.0K
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
5.0K
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

3.6K
A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
These glands that produce the oils on the skin and hair are holocrine glands. The mature...
3.6K
Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

86.3K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
86.3K
Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

2.5K
The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
2.5K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

2.5K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
2.5K
Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

9.0K
Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
9.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

European Society of Contact Dermatitis Guideline for Diagnostic Patch Testing-Recommendations on Best Practice (Update 2026).

Contact dermatitis·2026
Same author

Pregnancy in Women with Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review of Concerns and Challenges.

Acta dermato-venereologica·2026
Same author

Epidermal Penetration of Tape-Stripping Differs Between Palmar and Dorsal Hand Skin: Implications for Biomarker Assessment in Chronic Hand Eczema.

Contact dermatitis·2026
Same author

Composition and dynamics of the adult nasal microbiome.

Microbiome·2026
Same author

Can food allergy be prevented by handwashing?

The British journal of dermatology·2025
Same author

Antibiotic resistance and population structure of Staphylococcus epidermidis from prosthetic joint infections in Sweden and France.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach
09:32

Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach

Published on: September 26, 2019

7.5K

Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis.

Sofie M Edslev1, Tove Agner, Paal S Andersen

  • 1Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Acta Dermato-Venereologica
|May 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atopic dermatitis involves immune imbalance, a weakened skin barrier, and increased Staphylococcus aureus colonization. This review explores the skin microbiome

Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusfilaggrinskin microbiomeatopic dermatitis

More Related Videos

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

30.9K
Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation
09:06

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Published on: June 24, 2025

352

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach
09:32

Resolving Water, Proteins, and Lipids from In Vivo Confocal Raman Spectra of Stratum Corneum through a Chemometric Approach

Published on: September 26, 2019

7.5K
Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

30.9K
Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation
09:06

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Published on: June 24, 2025

352

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin condition.
  • Its pathogenesis involves immune dysregulation, compromised skin barrier function, and increased colonization by Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Alterations in the skin microbiome, particularly bacterial and fungal communities, are implicated in AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis.
  • To highlight the role of bacterial and fungal communities in AD pathogenesis.
  • To discuss the relationship between S. aureus and AD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis.
  • Analysis of findings related to bacterial and fungal community composition and diversity.
  • Examination of the impact of S. aureus colonization and virulence factors.

Main Results:

  • Atopic dermatitis skin exhibits reduced bacterial diversity with increased Staphylococcus aureus abundance.
  • Fungal communities are richer and more diverse in AD patients compared to healthy controls.
  • Filaggrin deficiency and specific S. aureus strains may contribute to AD flare-ups.

Conclusions:

  • The skin microbiome plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
  • Dysbiosis, characterized by S. aureus overgrowth, is a key feature of AD.
  • Further research into the skin microbiome may offer novel therapeutic strategies for atopic dermatitis.