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Best Practices for a Novel EMS-Based Naloxone Leave behind Program.

Becca M Scharf1,2, David J Sabat1, James M Brothers1

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Emergency medical services can increase naloxone access through leave-behind (NLB) programs, connecting overdose survivors with vital peer recovery support. Leaving naloxone kits with family members significantly improves connection to these crucial follow-up services.

Keywords:
emergency medical servicesnaloxoneopioidsoverdoseoverdose prevention

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Addiction Science

Background:

  • Increasing access to naloxone is crucial for reducing opioid overdose deaths.
  • EMS naloxone leave-behind (NLB) programs offer a novel approach to expand naloxone accessibility.
  • These programs target individuals at high risk for future opioid overdoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the preliminary outcomes of a new EMS-based naloxone leave-behind program.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the program in Howard County, Maryland.
  • To analyze program performance and participant demographics.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory study analyzing data from the Howard County NLB Program.
  • Basic statistical analysis of program performance metrics.
  • Analysis of participant demographic characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Over 239 overdose calls, 120 naloxone kits were distributed (50.21% rate).
  • 143 patients (59.83%) were connected to peer recovery specialists.
  • Kits left with family, friends, or patients directly increased connection to services compared to non-recipients.

Conclusions:

  • EMS NLB programs can significantly augment community-based naloxone distribution.
  • Engaging an individual's social network is vital for connecting them to treatment and recovery resources.
  • These programs effectively reach high-risk individuals, expanding access to life-saving naloxone.