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Association between Helicobacter pylori and otitis media with effusion in children: A systematic review
Peiyu Du1, Shimin Zong1, Yingying Wen1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Insights
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is linked to otitis media with effusion (OME) in children. Higher H. pylori detection rates were found in children with OME, suggesting potential benefits from H. pylori eradication for resistant cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Otolaryngology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is increasingly recognized as a potential factor in pediatric otitis media with effusion (OME).
- Understanding this association is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies for OME.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and analyze the existing literature on the relationship between H. pylori infection and OME in children.
- To explore the prevalence of H. pylori in various specimens from pediatric OME patients.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, CNKI, Wanfang) up to October 30, 2019.
- Included studies were assessed for quality, and data were extracted for qualitative analysis due to heterogeneity.
- Ten case-control studies involving 397 cases and 334 controls were included.
Main Results:
- H. pylori detection rates were significantly higher in the middle ear, tonsils, and gastric juice of children with OME compared to controls.
- No conclusive difference was found in H. pylori detection rates in adenoid specimens between OME and non-OME groups.
- Qualitative analysis was performed due to significant heterogeneity among studies, precluding meta-analysis.
Conclusions:
- The findings suggest a potential link between H. pylori and OME in children, particularly in specific anatomical sites.
- Eradication of H. pylori may offer therapeutic benefits for drug-resistant OME cases.
- Further high-quality research is essential to solidify these conclusions and guide clinical practice.
Background:
Studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may be associated with the occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.
Objective:
This is a systematic review of the relevant published literature to explore the relationship between H. pylori infection and OME in children.
Method:
Articles published before October 30, 2019 in the PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and Wanfang databases were retrieved. Articles were screened based on prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was applied to the included studies. Data in the included studies were extracted and classified for qualitative analysis.
Results:
Ten studies, which enrolled a total of 397 cases and 334 controls, were included; all were case-control studies of varying quality. We summarized and compared H. pylori infections in different specimens from pediatric patients with OME. Due to the apparent heterogeneity between the included studies, meta-analysis was not appropriate, hence we carried out only a qualitative analysis.
Conclusion:
The detection rate of H. pylori in the middle ear, tonsil and gastric juice in children with OME was higher than that in children without OME. There is no clear and reliable conclusion as to whether there is a difference in the detection rate of H. pylori in adenoid specimens of children with or without OME. Eradication of H. pylori may improve symptoms of drug-resistant OME. Nevertheless, more studies of higher quality are needed to improve the conclusions.
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