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Effect of premature rupture of membranes on preterm labor: a case-control study in Cilegon, Indonesia
Ita Marlita Sari1, Asri C Adisasmita2, Sabarinah Prasetyo3
1Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Banten, Indonesia.
Insights
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) significantly increases the risk of preterm labor. This study found PROM was associated with a 2.58 times higher risk, highlighting its importance in diverse populations.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Perinatal Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Preterm labor affects 11.1% of births globally, causing substantial neonatal morbidity and mortality.
- Morbidity from preterm birth can lead to long-term physical, psychological, and economic challenges.
- Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a known risk factor for preterm birth, necessitating further investigation in varied populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the risk of preterm labor associated with PROM.
- To investigate this association in Cilegon, Indonesia, a diverse population.
- To analyze data from Cilegon Hospital between July 2014 and December 2015.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study design was employed.
- Cases included mothers delivering before 37 weeks of gestation; controls delivered at or after 37 weeks.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze medical record data.
Main Results:
- Bivariate analysis showed an odds ratio (OR) of 2.97 (95% CI, 1.92 to 4.59) for PROM and preterm labor.
- Multiple regression analysis, controlling for education, prior preterm labor, and anemia, yielded an OR of 2.58 (95% CI, 1.68 to 3.98).
Conclusions:
- Mothers experiencing PROM have a significantly higher risk of preterm labor.
- The adjusted odds ratio indicates a 2.58 times increased risk of preterm labor for mothers with PROM.
- Findings underscore the importance of addressing PROM in pregnancy to mitigate preterm birth risks.
Objectives:
The global prevalence of preterm labor is approximately 11.1% of live births. However, preterm labor contributes to 75-80% of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The morbidity experienced by preterm infants may continue to influence their subsequent development, imposing physical, psychological, and economic burdens. Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a causal factor that may affect preterm birth. Previous studies have shown an association between PROM and preterm labor, but this association should be investigated in more diverse populations. Therefore, this study was conducted in Cilegon, Indonesia to determine the magnitude of the risk of preterm labor associated with PROM at Cilegon Hospital from July 2014 to December 2015.
Methods:
This case-control study used data from patients' medical records. The cases were all mothers who delivered at less than 37 weeks of gestation, while the control population comprised all mothers who delivered at greater or equal to 37 weeks. The data were analyzed using logistic regression.
Results:
The bivariate analysis yielded an odds ratio (OR) of 2.97 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92 to 4.59) before controlling for covariates. The model derived through multiple regression analysis after controlling for education, history of preterm labor, and anemia resulted in an OR of 2.58 (95% CI, 1.68 to 3.98).
Conclusions:
Mothers who experience PROM during pregnancy were at a 2.58 times higher risk of preterm labor after controlling for education, history of preterm labor, and anemia.
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