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Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Analysis and Specification of Starch Granule Size Distributions
Published on: March 4, 2021
End-Point Prediction of Granule Moisture in a ConsiGma™-25 Segmented Fluid Bed Dryer
Jakob Rehrl1, Stephan Sacher1, Martin Horn2
1Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Abstract:
Continuously operated pharmaceutical manufacturing lines often consist of a wet granulation unit operation, followed by a (semi-) continuous dryer. The operating conditions of the dryer are crucial for obtaining a desired final granule moisture. Commercially available dryers lack of a thorough online measurement of granule moisture during the drying process. However, this information could improve the operation of the equipment considerably, yielding a granule moisture close to the desired value (e.g., by drying time and process parameter adjustments in real-time). The paper at hand proposes a process model, which can be parameterized from a very limited number of experiments and then be used as a so-called soft sensor for predicting granule moisture. It utilizes available process measurements for the estimation of the granule moisture. The development of the model as well as parameter identification and validation experiments are provided. The proposed model paves the way for the application of sophisticated observer concepts. Possible future activities on that topic are outlined in the paper.
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