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Optimal Design of Switchable Wearable Antenna Array for Wireless Sensor Networks.

Łukasz Januszkiewicz1, Paolo Di Barba2, Sławomir Hausman1

  • 1Institute of Electronics, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 211/215 Street, 93-005 Łódź, Poland.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an optimized design for wearable antenna arrays in wireless body area networks. The novel approach enhances signal-to-interference ratio for improved off-body communication links.

Keywords:
FDTDSIRWBANevolutionary computingfinite-difference time-domaingenetic algorithmshuman body modelinterference rejectionoptimizationradiation pattern synthesissignal-to-interference ratioswitchable antennawireless body area network

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Antenna Design
  • Wireless Communication Systems
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Wearable antenna arrays are crucial for off-body links in wireless body area networks (WBANs).
  • Optimizing antenna placement and phasing is key to improving signal quality and reducing interference.
  • Existing designs often lack adaptability to dynamic signal and interference environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optimum design for a switchable radiation pattern wearable antenna array.
  • To enhance the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) for off-body WBAN links.
  • To investigate the effectiveness of genetic algorithms and novel objective functions in antenna array optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a genetic algorithm to optimize the spatial placement and feed phasing of a four-element wearable antenna array.
  • Developed a computationally efficient model based on full-wave simulations with a simplified cylindrical human body model.
  • Proposed and evaluated four objective functions (min-max, nadir point distance maximization, utopia point distance minimization, full Pareto-like) based on SIR.

Main Results:

  • The optimized antenna array design demonstrated a switchable radiation pattern, directing gain towards the signal and away from interference.
  • A significant improvement in performance, particularly in signal-to-interference ratio, was achieved compared to the initial heuristic design.
  • The proposed simplified model provided efficient and accurate simulations of the array radiation pattern.

Conclusions:

  • The novel approach offers an effective method for the optimum design of wearable antenna arrays for WBANs.
  • The optimized design significantly improves the signal-to-interference ratio, enhancing the reliability of off-body communication.
  • Genetic algorithms and the proposed objective functions are powerful tools for designing adaptive and efficient antenna systems.