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Related Concept Videos

Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving01:26

Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving

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In 1749, Benjamin Franklin coined the word battery for a series of capacitors connected to store energy. Capacitors store electric potential energy that can be released over a short time. This property means capacitors have a wide range of applications.
Capacitor-discharge ignition is a type of ignition system commonly found in small engines where the energy released from a capacitor ignites an induction coil that, in turn, fires the spark plug.
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Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

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A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
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Energy Stored in a Capacitor01:12

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

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When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
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RC Circuits: Charging A Capacitor01:30

RC Circuits: Charging A Capacitor

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A circuit containing resistance and capacitance is called an RC circuit. A capacitor is an electrical component that stores electric charge by storing energy in an electric field. Consider a simple RC circuit having a DC (direct current) voltage source ε, a resistor R, a capacitor C, and a two-way position switch. In the circuit, the capacitor can be charged or discharged depending on the position of the switch.
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Capacitor in an AC Circuit01:23

Capacitor in an AC Circuit

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A capacitor is charged by passing an electric current through it, which causes the plates to start accumulating an electrostatic charge. Since the strength of the charging current is maximum when the capacitor plates are uncharged and gradually decreases exponentially until the capacitor is fully charged, the charging process is neither instantaneous nor linear. The property of a capacitor to store a charge on its plates is called its capacitance.
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Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

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Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
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Robust electrical parameter extraction methodology based on Interior Search Optimization Algorithm applied to

Ahmed Fathy1, Hegazy Rezk2

  • 1Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Electrical Power and Machine Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Egypt.

ISA Transactions
|May 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new Interior Search Algorithm (ISA) accurately models supercapacitors (SC) using an eight-parameter equivalent circuit. This method enhances energy storage device reliability for electric vehicles and renewable systems.

Keywords:
Electrical parameter extractionEnergy storage deviceInterior Search AlgorithmSupercapacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics
  • Materials Science and Engineering

Background:

  • Supercapacitors (SC) are crucial energy storage devices for electric vehicles and hybrid renewable systems.
  • Simple series RC circuit models are inadequate for accurately characterizing SC dynamic performance.
  • Accurate mathematical models are essential for the reliable and safe operation of SC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an accurate equivalent circuit model for supercapacitors.
  • To determine the eight unknown parameters of a complex SC model.
  • To introduce the Interior Search Algorithm (ISA) for SC parameter identification.

Main Methods:

  • An equivalent circuit model with three RC branches (immediate, delayed, long) was utilized.
  • The first branch incorporates voltage-dependent capacitance.
  • The Interior Search Algorithm (ISA) was employed for the first time to identify model parameters.

Main Results:

  • A new formula for estimating SC voltage was derived.
  • The ISA effectively identified the eight unknown parameters for 470-F and 1500-F SCs.
  • Results showed high agreement between experimental data and the optimized model circuit.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed ISA-based modeling methodology accurately represents supercapacitor dynamic behavior.
  • This advanced modeling enhances the reliability and safety of SC applications.
  • The ISA demonstrates superior performance compared to other optimization algorithms (GA, MFO, ALO, GWO, WOA, AEO).