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Thrombotic risk in COVID-19: a case series and case-control study
Simon M Stoneham1, Kate M Milne2, Elisabeth Nuttall3
1Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK and Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, UK s.stoneham@bsms.ac.uk.
Clinical Medicine (London, England)
|May 20, 2020
Summary
COVID-19 patients have a high incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), a blood clot complication. Elevated D-dimer levels indicate higher VTE risk, warranting further study into anticoagulation treatments.
Area of Science:
- Medical Research
- Infectious Diseases
- Hematology
Background:
- Emerging evidence suggests a link between COVID-19 and thrombosis.
- The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19 patients is not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence of VTE in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- To identify risk factors for VTE in this population.
- To describe cases of heparin-refractory thromboembolism.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 274 COVID-19 patients (208 confirmed, 66 probable).
- Inclusion of three case studies of refractory thromboembolism.
- Case-control study to identify VTE risk factors.
Main Results:
- VTE diagnosed in 21 (7.7%) of COVID-19 patients.
- Elevated D-dimer levels observed in VTE cases (4.1 μg/mL) compared to controls (1.2 μg/mL).
- Higher D-dimer levels correlated with confirmed VTE.
Conclusions:
- Hospitalized COVID-19 patients exhibit a high incidence of VTE.
- Clinical trials are crucial to assess anticoagulation efficacy in COVID-19.
- Monitoring D-dimer and anti-factor Xa may aid VTE management.
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