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Clinical Characteristics of Developmentally Delayed Children based on Interdisciplinary Evaluation.

S W Kim1, H R Jeon1, H J Jung2

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.

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This study identified key clinical features for diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Early identification of global developmental delay (GDD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is crucial for timely intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) present complex diagnostic challenges in children.
  • Early identification and accurate diagnosis are vital for effective intervention and improved outcomes.
  • Understanding clinical characteristics aids in distinguishing between various NDDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features of children with suspected neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • To identify diagnostic clues for clinical assessment of NDDs.
  • To analyze risk factors associated with specific NDDs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records from an interdisciplinary clinic for developmental problems.
  • Inclusion of 1,877 children evaluated between May 2001 and December 2014.
  • Classification into major diagnostic groups: global developmental delay (GDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental language disorder (DLD), and motor delay (MD).

Main Results:

  • Global developmental delay (GDD) was the most common diagnosis (43.9%).
  • Boys were significantly more prevalent than girls across all diagnostic groups.
  • Specific risk factors were associated with different diagnoses: GDD probability increased with later walking age and neonatal history; ASD probability increased with male gender and decreased with maternal history.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights distinct clinical features aiding in the diagnosis of various neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Findings can assist clinicians in more effectively identifying children with potential NDDs during assessment.
  • Understanding these characteristics supports earlier and more accurate diagnostic flagging.