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Association between thyroid gland diseases and breast cancer: a case-control study
Laura Bach1, Karel Kostev2, Leif Schiffmann3
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
|May 20, 2020
Summary
Thyroiditis, but not hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, is linked to increased breast cancer (BC) risk. This epidemiological study highlights the need for monitoring thyroiditis patients for breast cancer development.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The relationship between benign thyroid diseases and breast cancer (BC) remains unclear.
- Existing research lacks consensus on the association between hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and BC risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between specific benign thyroid diseases (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis) and breast cancer (BC) risk.
- To clarify the role of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in breast cancer risk.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective case-control study involving 7408 women diagnosed with breast cancer and 7408 matched controls was conducted using the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA).
- Data from UK general practices between 2006 and 2015 were analyzed, excluding patients with prior cancer diagnoses or less than 12 months of observation.
- Univariate logistic regression was employed to assess the association between thyroid diseases, TSH values, and breast cancer.
Main Results:
- A significant association was found between thyroiditis and an increased risk of breast cancer (Odds Ratio: 1.91, p=0.01).
- No significant association was observed between hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism and breast cancer risk.
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels did not show a significant effect on breast cancer risk.
Conclusions:
- This study demonstrates an epidemiological association between thyroiditis and elevated breast cancer risk.
- The findings suggest that hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are not associated with increased breast cancer risk.
- Close monitoring for breast cancer is recommended for women diagnosed with thyroiditis.
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