Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mutations in Microorganisms01:18

Mutations in Microorganisms

420
Mutations are heritable changes in an organism’s genome involving alterations in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. These changes can influence cellular processes and phenotypic traits, potentially transforming the unaltered wild type into a mutant form. Such changes, termed forward mutations, are pivotal in shaping the genetic diversity of organisms.RNA viruses exhibit the highest mutation rates due to the absence of robust proofreading mechanisms during genome replication. In contrast,...
420
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

6.1K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
6.1K
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

43.3K
Overview
43.3K
Spontaneous and Induced Mutations01:30

Spontaneous and Induced Mutations

1.9K
Spontaneous mutations arise infrequently during DNA replication due to errors in the process. A key factor behind these errors is tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, where bases transition from keto to enol forms or amino to imino forms. This shift can alter base-pairing rules, leading to mutations. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from aerobic metabolism can damage DNA, resulting in depurination (loss of a purine base) or depyrimidination (loss of a pyrimidine base).
1.9K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

7.3K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
7.3K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

42.5K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
42.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Short-term antagonism between bacteriophages and macrophages decreases with bacteria-phage coevolution.

The ISME journal·2026
Same author

A novel method to simultaneously estimate bacterial respiration and growth from oxygen dynamics.

ISME communications·2026
Same author

To survive in the cold: the evolution of reduced decay rate in a bacteriophage.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same author

Synergizing Bayesian and Heuristic Approaches: D-BPP Uncovers Ghost Introgression in Panthera and Thuja.

Systematic biology·2026
Same author

Genomic consequences of residual recombination in a hybrid apomictic hickory complex.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Resolving sampling and population-size biases in domestication genomics supports a South Asian origin of walnuts.

Genome biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

A New Screening Method for the Directed Evolution of Thermostable Bacteriolytic Enzymes
13:30

A New Screening Method for the Directed Evolution of Thermostable Bacteriolytic Enzymes

Published on: November 7, 2012

18.4K

Warmer temperatures enhance beneficial mutation effects.

Xiao-Lin Chu1, Da-Yong Zhang1, Angus Buckling2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Journal of Evolutionary Biology
|May 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Warmer temperatures enhance the fitness benefits of beneficial mutations in Escherichia coli. This suggests temperature influences evolutionary rates and provides insights into contemporary evolution amid global warming.

Keywords:
fitnessmutation accumulationmutational effectspositive selection

More Related Videos

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System
07:08

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System

Published on: April 26, 2018

8.2K
High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
10:51

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Published on: December 5, 2016

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 21, 2025

A New Screening Method for the Directed Evolution of Thermostable Bacteriolytic Enzymes
13:30

A New Screening Method for the Directed Evolution of Thermostable Bacteriolytic Enzymes

Published on: November 7, 2012

18.4K
The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System
07:08

The Lambda Select cII Mutation Detection System

Published on: April 26, 2018

8.2K
High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
10:51

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Published on: December 5, 2016

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Microbial genetics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Temperature influences biochemical and biophysical processes, impacting evolutionary patterns.
  • Low temperatures may limit the expression of beneficial mutations, while higher temperatures allow them to manifest more effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the "mutational effects" mechanism linking temperature and evolutionary rates.
  • To determine how temperature gradients affect the fitness consequences of mutations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized bacterial genotypes from an early-stage mutation accumulation experiment with Escherichia coli.
  • Assessed the fitness effects of mutations across a range of environmental temperatures.

Main Results:

  • The frequency of beneficial mutations did not significantly vary with temperature.
  • A greater number of mutations conferring strong beneficial fitness effects were observed at higher temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Results support the hypothesis that warmer temperatures increase the probability and magnitude of positive selection.
  • Findings have implications for understanding geographic variations in evolutionary rates and contemporary evolution under global warming.