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Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...

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Large-Scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture

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Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Improves Spinal Cord Function After Injury in Rats by Activating

Jun Gu¹, Zheng Shuai Jin¹, Chun Ming Wang¹

¹The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215228, People's Republic of China.

Drug Design, Development and Therapy

|May 20, 2020

Summary

Exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cells (BMSC-Exos) show promise in treating spinal cord injury (SCI) by reducing neuronal apoptosis and promoting recovery. These findings offer a new therapeutic avenue for SCI.

Keywords:

apoptosis autophagy bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exosomes spinal cord injury

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A Neurosphere Assay to Evaluate Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Minimal Spinal Cord Injury

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A Neurosphere Assay to Evaluate Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Minimal Spinal Cord Injury

A Neurosphere Assay to Evaluate Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Minimal Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: September 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Regenerative Medicine
Cell Biology

Background:

Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents a significant global health challenge.
Exosomes, particularly those derived from bone marrow stem cells (BMSC-Exos), are emerging as potent therapeutic agents due to their role in intercellular communication.
The therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of BMSC-Exos in SCI treatment remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the therapeutic effects of BMSC-Exos on spinal cord injury.
To elucidate the mechanisms by which BMSC-Exos exert their protective effects in SCI.

Main Methods:

Characterization of BMSC-Exos using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), and Western blot.
Evaluation of BMSC-Exos efficacy in an in vivo SCI model and in vitro experiments.

Main Results:

BMSC-Exos treatment upregulated autophagy-related proteins (LC3IIB, Beclin-1) and promoted autophagosome formation.
BMSC-Exos significantly reduced the expression of the proapoptotic protein cleaved caspase-3.
The antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression was upregulated following BMSC-Exos treatment.

Conclusions:

BMSC-Exos attenuate neuronal apoptosis by enhancing autophagy, contributing to functional recovery in SCI rats.
These findings provide a theoretical basis and a practical strategy for utilizing BMSC-Exos in future SCI treatments.