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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Measurement of Tactile Allodynia in a Murine Model of Bacterial Prostatitis
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Pharmacological Interventions for Bacterial Prostatitis.

Situ Xiong1, Xiaoqiang Liu1,2, Wen Deng1,2

  • 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|May 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review addresses bacterial prostatitis, a common condition causing significant challenges due to antibiotic resistance and evolving bacterial causes. It offers insights into current treatments and alternative therapies for resistant cases.

Keywords:
E. faecalis–Enterococcus faecalisFosfomycinbacterial biofilmsbacterial prostatitiscombination therapymultidrug-resistant E. coliphage therapyplant extracts

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Bacterial prostatitis affects 20% of prostatitis cases, posing global urological challenges.
  • Treatment is complicated by multidrug-resistant bacteria, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers, and biofilms.
  • Shifting bacterial etiology and evolving treatment strategies require updated clinical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of bacterial prostatitis treatment.
  • To discuss current therapeutic strategies and alternative pharmacological options.
  • To address challenges in managing antibiotic-resistant bacterial prostatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current treatment guidelines and research.
  • Analysis of emerging challenges in antibacterial treatment.
  • Synthesis of information on alternative therapies for resistant or intolerant patients.

Main Results:

  • General treatment choices for bacterial prostatitis are summarized.
  • Alternative pharmacological therapies are presented for difficult-to-treat cases.
  • The review highlights the need for updated strategies against resistant bacteria.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of bacterial prostatitis requires addressing antibiotic resistance and evolving etiologies.
  • Alternative therapies are crucial for patients unresponsive or intolerant to standard treatments.
  • This review serves as a resource for clinicians managing complex bacterial prostatitis cases.