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Decontamination of Titanium Surface Using Different Methods: An In Vitro Study
Sifan Yan1, Min Li1, Satoshi Komasa1
1Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuha-hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 21, 2020
Summary
A new Finevo cleaning system effectively decontaminates hydrocarbon-polluted titanium dental implants. This method restores implant bioactivity, significantly enhancing rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (rBMMSC) attachment and osteogenic differentiation.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Surface Chemistry
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Implant contamination is a significant challenge in production and clinical use.
- Restoring bioactivity on contaminated implant surfaces is crucial for successful osseointegration.
- Current cleaning methods may not fully restore implant surface functionality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and evaluate a novel implant cleaning strategy using the Finevo system.
- To compare the efficacy of the Finevo system against Ultraviolet and Plasma treatments for decontaminating titanium disks.
- To assess the impact of cleaning methods on the biological activity and osseointegration potential of titanium surfaces.
Main Methods:
- Hydrocarbon contamination of titanium disks.
- Cleaning using Finevo system, Ultraviolet (UV) treatment, and Plasma treatment.
- Surface characterization via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM).
- In vitro evaluation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, gene expression).
Main Results:
- Finevo system cleaning resulted in titanium surfaces comparable to uncontaminated disks in SEM and XPS analyses.
- No significant change in surface roughness was observed with Finevo cleaning via SPM.
- rBMMSCs exhibited superior attachment and coverage on Finevo-treated disks.
- Significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and osteogenesis-related gene expression in rBMMSCs on Finevo-treated disks compared to UV and Plasma treatments.
Conclusions:
- The Finevo cleaning system effectively decontaminates hydrocarbon-contaminated titanium disks.
- Finevo treatment restores and enhances the biological functions of titanium implant surfaces.
- This novel strategy offers a promising approach for cleaning contaminated dental implants and promoting osseointegration.
