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Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D in Thyroid Diseases
Chiara Mele1,2, Marina Caputo3,4, Alessandro Bisceglia5
1Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Abstract:
Vitamin D is a secosteroid with a pleiotropic role in multiple physiological processes. Besides the well-known activity on bone homeostasis, recent studies suggested a peculiar role of vitamin D in different non-skeletal pathways, including a key role in the modulation of immune responses. Recent evidences demonstrated that vitamin D acts on innate and adaptative immunity and seems to exert an immunomodulating action on autoimmune diseases and cancers. Several studies demonstrated a relationship between vitamin D deficiency, autoimmune thyroid disorders, and thyroid cancer. This review aims to summarize the evidences on the immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D on thyroid diseases.
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