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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

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Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
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Circular RNA in Diseased Heart.

Ying Wang1, Bin Liu1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.

Cells
|May 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Circular RNAs are emerging as key epigenetic regulators in heart disease. Their unique stability and functions offer promising avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular conditions.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationbiomarkerciRNAcircRNAdilationhypertrophyinfarctionmicroRNA spongeprotein sponge

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Epigenetics
  • Non-coding RNA Biology

Background:

  • Heart disease is a leading global cause of death, necessitating innovative therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.
  • While microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs roles are known, circular RNAs' functions in cardiac health and disease remain underexplored.
  • Aberrant protein interactions and signaling pathways are implicated in cardiac disease, yet epigenetic regulation, particularly by circular RNAs, is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biogenesis of circular RNAs.
  • To update the understanding of circular RNAs' functional roles in heart disease, focusing on heart failure and arrhythmias.
  • To highlight circular RNAs as potential theranostic candidates for cardiovascular diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on circular RNA biogenesis and function.
  • Analysis of circular RNA roles in cardiac physiology and pathology.
  • Emphasis on circular RNAs' mechanisms, including microRNA sponging, protein scaffolding, and transcriptional regulation.

Main Results:

  • Circular RNAs are highly stable and possess diverse functional modes.
  • They play significant roles in various physiological processes, including heart function.
  • Evidence supports their involvement in heart failure and arrhythmias.

Conclusions:

  • Circular RNAs represent a promising frontier in cardiovascular theranostics due to their stability and versatile functions.
  • Further research into circular RNAs' specific roles can unlock new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for heart disease.
  • Understanding circular RNA regulation is crucial for advancing cardiovascular medicine.