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Staphylococcus aureus nasal isolates may have the same genetic profile in atopic dermatitis paediatric patients and

Fernanda Sampaio Cavalcante1, Celina Vieira da Cunha Guedes Alvarenga2, Simone Saintive3

  • 1Campus Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Journal of Medical Microbiology
|May 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization is common in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) and their families. This study found evidence of S. aureus transmission within households, highlighting the importance of family contacts in managing AD.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Dermatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic skin condition in children.
  • Nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus can exacerbate AD symptoms.
  • Understanding S. aureus transmission within families is crucial for AD management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect Staphylococcus aureus in the nares of pediatric AD patients and their family contacts.
  • To analyze antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and clonality of S. aureus isolates.
  • To investigate the transmission patterns of S. aureus within households.

Main Methods:

  • Nasal swabs were collected from AD patients and their family contacts.
  • S. aureus isolates were identified and characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility.
  • Methicillin resistance was determined, and SCCmec type was analyzed.
  • Presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes was assessed.
  • Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used for genotypic analysis and clonality assessment.

Main Results:

  • S. aureus was detected in a significant proportion of AD patients and their family contacts.
  • Both methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were identified.
  • All MRSA isolates harbored the SCCmec IV type.
  • PVL genes were present in 60% of S. aureus isolates from patients.
  • PFGE analysis revealed similar genotypic profiles between patient and family contact isolates, indicating household transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Household transmission of S. aureus between children with AD and their family contacts is common.
  • Understanding familial S. aureus carriage is important for controlling AD exacerbations.
  • The study identified specific S. aureus strains, including MRSA SCCmec IV, circulating within families.

Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusatopic dermatitisclose contactsgenetic profile

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