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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 21, 2025

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance
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A Neural Pathway for Nonreinforced Preference Change.

Tom Schonberg1, Leor N Katz2

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, The Geroge S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|May 21, 2020
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Summary

This study explores how the brain changes preferences without external rewards, identifying a "dorsal value pathway" involving attention regions. This pathway, alongside the "ventral value pathway," guides decision-making in primates.

Keywords:
attentionbehaviornonreinforced preference changereinforcementvalue

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Decision Science
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Value processing in the brain is crucial for decision-making.
  • Existing research primarily focuses on how external reinforcements shape preferences.
  • Neural pathways for preference change independent of external rewards remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review behavioral paradigms associated with non-reinforced preference change.
  • To propose a neural pathway for preference modification without external reinforcement.
  • To integrate this pathway with existing models of value-based decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Review of behavioral studies manipulating stimulus exposure, response, and gaze position.
  • Analysis of brain regions implicated in non-reinforced preference change.
  • Conceptual integration of findings into a dual-pathway model of value processing.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral paradigms demonstrate preference change without external reinforcement.
  • Brain regions associated with selective attention are proposed to form a non-reinforced pathway.
  • This dorsal value pathway (DVP) complements the established ventral value pathway (VVP).

Conclusions:

  • A dorsal value pathway (DVP), linked to selective attention, facilitates non-reinforced preference change.
  • The DVP and ventral value pathway (VVP) interact with prefrontal cortex regions.
  • This dual-pathway system guides value-based decision-making in primates.